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Title: The state of the California current, 2006-2007: Regional and local processes dominate,
Description: The state of the California Current System (CCS) between Oregon and Baja California is summarized in this report, covering spring 2006 to spring 2007. Observations reported here are based on contributions from various ocean observing programs along the West Coast of North America. Basin-scale indicators were variable or neutral over the last year. This indeterminate forcing was reflected in conditions in the CCS where no coherent patterns emerged, i.e., no single "state" could be ascribed to the system. Rather, regional or local processes dominated observed patterns. Similar to last year, delayed upwelling off Oregon and central California dramatically affected higher trophic levels: euphausiid recruitment was delayed and as a likely consequence seabird productivity off Central California was extremely depressed. For example, Cassin's auklet had a complete reproductive failure, similar to 2006. Observations during the spring of 2007 demonstrate that these patterns were ephemeral since upwelling was normal and seabird productivity improved. Off southern and Baja California, upwelling-favorable winds were also weak or delayed during 2006, but biological consequences appear to have been relatively minor., Cited By (since 1996):24, Ecology, ,
Author: Goericke, Venrick, Koslow, Sydeman, Schwing, Bograd, Emmett, Peterson, Rubén Lara Lara, Castro, José, Hyrenbach, Bradley, Weise, Harvey, Collins, Lo
Date: 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: The state of the California Current, 2005-2006: Warm in the north, cool in the south,
Description: This report summarizes the recent state of the California Current System (CCS), primarily during the period April 2005 through early 2006, and includes observations of ocean conditions made from Washington State south to Baja California. During 2005, the CCS experienced very unusual "ocean weather." For example, off Washington, Oregon and northern California, the start of upwelling was delayed, resulting in anomalously warm sea surface temperatures through the spring and the early summer months. The warming observed in the northern California Current (NCC) in the spring and early summer appeared to be a regional phenomenon, since waters south of approximately 35°N to the California-Mexico border were near the long-term average, and cooler-than-normal temperatures prevailed off Baja California. The extent of the warming and subsequent ecosystem response was similar to that of a major tropical El Niño event. However, we know from observations made at the equator that equatorial waters were in an El Niño-neutral state. The impacts on the NCC pelagic ecosystem were profound with very low biomass of Zooplankton observed in Monterey Bay, the Gulf of the Farallones, and off Oregon, accompanied by unprecedented reproductive failure and mortality in several locally-breeding seabird species. Recruitment failure was seen in a variety of fishes as well. The proximate cause was a delay in the initiation of the upwelling season in the NCC (which usually begins in April) to a nearly unprecedented start time of late July. Thus, animals that reproduce in spring and in other years would find bountiful food resources, found themselves faced with famine rather than feast. Similarly, marine mammals and birds which migrate to the NCC upwelling region in spring and summer, which would otherwise find a high biomass of energetically-rich Zooplankton and small pelagic fish upon which to feed, were equally disappointed. Moreover, 2005 marked the third year of chronically warm conditions in the NCC, a situation which could have led to a general reduction in physiological condition of fish and birds, rendering them less tolerant of adverse ocean conditions in 2005., Cited By (since 1996):41, Ecology, ,
Author: Peterson, Emmett, Ralston, Forney, Chavez, Benson, Goericke, Venrick, Mantyla, Hewitt, Lo, Watson, Barlow, Lowry, Sydeman, Hyrenbach, Bradley, Warzybok, Weise, Bograd, Schwing, Lavaniegos, Hunter, Harvey
Date: 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: State of the California Current 2006-2007: Regional and local processes dominate,
Description: The state of the California Current System (CCS) between Oregon and Baja California is summarized in this report, covering spring 2006 to spring 2007. Observations reported here are based on contributions from various ocean observing programs along the West Coast of North America. Basin-scale indicators were variable or neutral over the last year. This indeterminate forcing was reflected in conditions in the CCS where no coherent patterns emerged, i.e., no single “state” could be ascribed to the system. Rather, regional or local processes dominated observed patterns. Similar to last year, delayed upwelling off Oregon and central California dramatically affected higher trophic levels: euphausiid recruitment was delayed and as a likely consequence seabird productivity off Central California was extremely depressed. For example, Cassin’s auklet had a complete reproductive failure, similar to 2006. Observations during the spring of 2007 demonstrate that these patterns were ephemeral since upwelling was normal and seabird productivity improved. Off southern and Baja California, upwelling-favorable winds were also weak or delayed during 2006, but biological consequences appear to have been relatively minor., Downloaded from: calcofi.org/publications/.../v48/Vol_48_State_Of_California_Current.pdf (2 July 2014)., ,
Author: Goericke, Venrick, Koslow, Sydeman, Schwing, Bograd, Peterson, Emmett, Lara Lara, Castro, Valdez, Hyrenbach, Bradley, Weise, Harvey, Collins, Lo
Date: 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Seabirds indicate plastic pollution in the marine environment: Quantifying spatial patterns and trends in Alaska
Description: Downloaded from: http://seagrant.uaf.edu/bookstore/pubs/AK-SG-09-01.html (1 August 2014).
Author: Hyrenbach, Nevins, Hester, Keiper, Harvey, Williams, Ammann
Date: 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Summer-time use of west coast US National Marine Sanctuaries by migrating sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus),
Description: Non-breeding sooty shearwaters are the most abundant seabird in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME) during boreal spring and summer months. This, combined with relatively great energy demands, reliance on patchy, shoaling prey (krill, squid, and forage fishes), and unconstrained mobility free from central-place-foraging demands-make shearwaters useful indicators of ecosystem variability. During 2008 and 2009, we used satellite telemetry to evaluate shearwater ranging patterns throughout the CCLME and specifically within the US Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) among birds captured at three locations: Columbia River Plume, WA; Monterey Bay, CA; and Santa Barbara Channel, CA. Shearwaters ranged throughout the entire CCLME from southeast Alaska to southern Baja California, Mexico. Within the EEZ during 2008 and 2009, shearwaters spent 68% and 46% of time over the shelf (<200. m), 27% and 43% of time over the slope (200-1000. m), and 5% and 11% of time over the continental rise and abyssal regions (>1000. m), respectively. In 2008 and 2009, shearwaters spent 22% and 25% of their time in the EEZ within the five west coast National Marine Sanctuaries, respectively; high utilization occurred in non-sanctuary waters of the EEZ. Shearwater utilization distribution (based on the Brownian-bridge movement model) among sanctuaries was disproportionate according to sanctuary availability (based on area) within the EEZ. Shearwaters utilized the Monterey Bay sanctuary (2008, 2009) and the Channel Islands sanctuary (2009) disproportionately more than other sanctuaries. Although all five sanctuaries were used by shearwaters, waters outside sanctuary zones appeared significantly more important and likely supported large aggregations of shearwaters. Utilization distributions among individual birds from three discrete capture locations were variable and revealed greater similarity in space-use sharing within capture-location groupings and during 2008 when shearwaters were more aggregated than in 2009. We identified several regional " habitat hotspot" areas, including the Columbia River Plume, Cape Blanco, Monterey Bay, Estero/San Luis Obispo Bays, and the eastern Santa Barbara Channel through the inner Southern California Bight. © 2012., Cited By (since 1996):1, Marine Mammals, Birds & Turtles, CODEN: BICOB, ,
Author: Adams, MacLeod, Suryan, Hyrenbach, Harvey
Date: 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z